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                  <text>3. 刺绣 Embroidery</text>
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                <text>大洋袋 Purse</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------split-thread-stich"&gt;破线绣 Split-thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，繁花纹 Blossom pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）大洋袋通体绣满了繁花纹，整体为正红色，活泼喜庆。色彩方面，花朵采用了红色调和蓝色调的丝线制作，草叶则用了紫色、青绿色和鹅黄色，使藏品色彩更丰富，再添层次感和美感。此大洋袋运用了破线绣。藏品的刺绣风格偏汉族文化，比如花草纹的设计，反映土家族在服装方面受到汉族文化的影响。由于土家族与汉族长期杂居，在不少藏品中都能发现文化相融的现象。&#13;
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(ENG) Tujia purse: mainly red with blossom patterns. It is vibrant and the colour red signifies auspiciousness. The blossoms are made with silk threads in red and blue tones, while the grass and leaves are made with purple, green and yellow threads to give a pleasing layering effect. Split line stitch is used. The embroidery style of this purse leans towards Han culture, for example in the design of the flower and grass pattern, and reflects the ways in which Tujia clothing has been influenced by Han culture. As the Tujia and Han have lived together for a long time, evidence of cultural integration can be observed across different collections. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）大洋袋通體繡滿了繁花紋，整體為正紅色，活潑喜慶。色彩方面，花朵採用了紅色調和藍色調的絲線製作，草葉則用了紫色、青綠色和鵝黃色，使藏品色彩更豐富，再添層次感和美感。此大洋袋運用了破線繡。藏品的刺繡風格偏漢族文化，比如花草紋的設計，反映土家族在服裝方面受到漢族文化的影響。由於土家族與漢族長期雜居，在不少藏品中都能發現文化相融的現象。</text>
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                <text>土家族 The Tujia</text>
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                <text>上世纪50年代 Last century 50s</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州省铜仁市松桃县 Guizhou Tongren Songtao County</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/item/54"&gt;大洋袋 Purse (#40)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>3. 刺绣 Embroidery</text>
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                <text>老苗衣 Old Miao Coat</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------wrinkling-stitch"&gt;皱绣 Wrinkling stitch&lt;/a&gt;，花草龙纹 Flower, grass and dragon pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）老苗衣老苗衣整体为黑色，刺绣集中在领子、肩部和袖子，在红色底布上采用了较沉实的丝线，例如深紫色和蓝绿色，典雅大气，低调而不失美感。此老苗衣运用了辫绣。刺绣图案主要为花草植物，取材自大自然，反映了苗族人民对大自然的热爱，以及对生命的崇敬。刺绣构图饱满，对称工整，做工仔细，可见制作者之高超技艺。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Miao coat: mainly black with embroidery concentrated at the collar, shoulders and sleeves. Relatively dark-coloured threads including dark purple and blue-green on the red base fabric give an elegant and subdued feel to the coat. Couched braid stitch is used. The embroidery patterns are mainly flowers and grass, reflecting the Miao people’s love for the natural world and their respect for life. The embroidery is rich in composition, symmetrical and neat with a superb level of craftsmanship. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）老苗衣老苗衣整體為黑色，刺繡集中在領子、肩部和袖子，在紅色底布上採用了較沉實的絲線，例如深紫色和藍綠色，典雅大氣，低調而不失美感。此老苗衣運用了辮繡。刺繡圖案主要為花草植物，取材自大自然，反映了苗族人民對大自然的熱愛，以及對生命的崇敬。刺繡構圖飽滿，對稱工整，做工仔細，可見製作者之高超技藝。</text>
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                <text>苗族 The Miao</text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>凯里市台江县 Kaili City Taijiang County</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------counted-thread-stitc"&gt;数纱绣 Counted thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------double-thread-chain-"&gt;双针锁绣 Double-thread chain stitch&lt;/a&gt;，挑花 Crossing stitch</text>
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                <text>（简）刺绣背带上饰有大片的深红色刺绣，红色寓意多福吉利，十分活泼欢欣。此刺绣背心运用了数纱绣 、双针锁绣和挑花。刺绣图纹由紧密排列的八边形和矩形组成，十分对称工整。几何图形内亦绣满浅橙色的绣纹，令整幅刺绣更有立体感。亻革家属于苗族的一个分支，蜡染和刺绣都特别工整细腻，喜用排列的几何纹来布局刺绣和蜡染图案，非常具有想象力和创造力。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Gejia baby carrying belt: decorated with large pieces of maroon embroidery. The colour red is lively and joyful, and symbolizes auspiciousness. Counted thread stitch, double-thread chain stitch and crossing stitch are used. Embroidery patterns are composed of closely arranged and symmetrically neat octagons and rectangles. Light orange patterns are also embroidered within the geometric shapes, generating a three dimensional effect. The Gejia is a branch of the Miao and are famous for their neat and delicate batik and embroidery. The Gejia use geometric patterns for their embroidery and batik with great imagination and creativity.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）刺繡背帶上飾有大片的深紅色刺繡，紅色寓意多福吉利，十分活潑歡欣。此刺繡背心運用了數紗繡 、雙針鎖繡和挑花。刺繡圖紋由緊密排列的八邊形和矩形組成，十分對稱工整。幾何圖形內亦繡滿淺橙色的繡紋，令整幅刺繡更有立體感。亻革家屬於苗族的一個分支，蠟染和刺繡都特別工整細膩，喜用排列的幾何紋來佈局刺繡和蠟染圖案，非常具有想像力和創造力。</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州黄平县重安镇 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Huangping County Chongan Town</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------flat-stitch"&gt;平绣 Flat stitch&lt;/a&gt;，牡丹花 Peony pattern，蝴蝶 Butterfly pattern，锦鸡 Pheasant，鱼纹 Fish pattern，鸟纹 Bird pattern，大虾 Prawn pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）刺绣背心在深蓝色的底布上绣有大朵的牡丹花，鲜艳夺目，四周亦绣有小花、蝴蝶、鱼、鸟、大虾等图案，画面丰富而主次分明，丝毫没有喧宾夺主。此刺绣背心运用了平绣。背心的领口、袖口和下摆都饰有红色布边，并绣有金色的花草图纹，可见制作者十分留意细节，态度认真，技艺亦十分高超。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Child’s embroidered vest: vibrant, big and eye-catching peony embroidered on a dark blue base cloth. Surrounding the peony are richly detailed small flowers, butterflies, fish, birds and prawns. The focal point is on the peony patterns, which sit gracefully and distinctively among all the subordinate patterns without being overshadowed. Flat stitch is used. The collar, cuffs and hem of the vest are decorated with fringes of red cloth, and embroidered with golden coloured floral sketch patterns. This piece has been meticulously made with great attention to detail and reflects the highly skilled craftsmanship of its creator.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）刺繡背心在深藍色的底布上繡有大朵的牡丹花，鮮豔奪目，四周亦繡有小花、蝴蝶、魚、鳥、大蝦等圖案，畫面豐富而主次分明，絲毫沒有喧賓奪主。此刺繡背心運用了平繡。背心的領口、袖口和下擺都飾有紅色布邊，並繡有金色的花草圖紋，可見製作者十分留意細節，態度認真，技藝亦十分高超。&#13;
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                <text>苗族 The Miao</text>
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                <text>上世纪50年代 Last century 50s</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州台江县施洞镇 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Taijiang County Shidong Town</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------flat-silk-stitch"&gt;板丝绣 Flat silk stitch&lt;/a&gt;，八角星 Octagram</text>
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                <text>（简）绣围腰红绿相间，绣纹工整而有序，而对比色的运用也令藏品色彩缤纷，更为活泼夺目。绣围腰上方有两条背带，下摆则饰有彩色的短流苏。此绣围腰运用了板丝绣。刺绣上有使用八角星的纹样，八角星图案是大渡口文化时期人们对宇宙世界极简概括的形象表现。这些古老的几何图案如今还常出现于苗族、侗族的织锦服饰中，让我们窥见其民族的悠久历史的深远。他们延续的生产生活方式，对继承和延续中国传统文化符号起着不容忽视的作用。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Embroidered bellyband: alternating red and green with two straps at the top and a hem decorated with colourful short tassels. Flat silk stitch is used. The embroidery patterns are regularly arranged and neat. Complementary colours render this bellyband colourful, vibrant and visually striking. Flat silk stitch is used. Octagram pattern demonstrates the long history of these ethnic minorities and is the imagery of people's minimalist overview of the universe during the Dadukou culture period. People's unchanged production mode and lifestyle play an indispensable role in the continuation of traditional Chinese cultural symbols.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）繡圍腰紅綠相間，繡紋工整而有序，而對比色的運用也令藏品色彩繽紛，更為活潑奪目。繡圍腰上方有兩條背帶，下擺則飾有彩色的短流蘇。此繡圍腰運用了板絲繡。刺繡上有使用八角星的紋樣，八角星圖案是大渡口文化時期人們對宇宙世界極簡概括的形象表現。這些古老的幾何圖案如今還常出現於苗族、侗族的織錦服飾中，讓我們窺見其民族的悠久歷史的深遠。他們延續的生產生活方式，對繼承和延續中國傳統文化符號起著不容忽視的作用。 </text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>凯里市舟溪镇 Kaili City Zhouxi Town</text>
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                <text>（简）绣苗衣整体为深红色，佐以领子、肩部、袖子和下摆位置的刺绣。下摆亦有延长的黑色布料，上面有亮粉色、蓝色和橘色的装饰，色彩颇为丰富。此绣苗衣运用了打籽绣和叠绣。打籽绣是一种将绳打结以呈现图案立体感的手法，该藏品打的籽极其细小、圆润，在同期服饰中具有极高的工艺水平。叠绣，又称堆绣，是将上过浆的轻薄丝绫面料裁剪折叠成细三角形，堆叠于底布之上，边堆边用针线固定，组合成矩形的饰片。该件藏品的收藏价值甚高，除了极高的工艺价值，年代久远亦令藏品具极高的历史收藏价值。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Geyi embroidered Miao coat: maroon colour with embroidered collar, shoulders, sleeves and hem.  Extended black fabric at the hem is colourfully decorated with bright pink, blue and orange ornaments. Knot stitch and stack stitch are used. Knot stitch is a technique of knotting thread to create three dimensional patterns. The knots on this coat are extremely small and round, displaying masterful craftsmanship. Stack stitch, also known as pile stitch, is a technique that involves cutting and folding the glued light silk fabric into thin triangles. These triangles are stacked onto the base fabric, then sewn with needle and thread to form rectangular patches. The exquisite craftsmanship of this coat makes it a highly valued part of the collection. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）繡苗衣整體為深紅色，佐以領子、肩部、袖子和下擺位置的刺繡。下擺亦有延長的黑色布料，上面有亮粉色、藍色和橘色的裝飾，色彩頗為豐富。此繡苗衣運用了打籽繡和疊繡。打籽繡是一種將繩打結以呈現圖案立體感的手法，該藏品打的籽極其細小、圓潤，在同期服飾中具有極高的工藝水平。疊繡，又稱堆繡，是將上過漿的輕薄絲綾面料裁剪折疊成細三角形，堆疊於底布之上，邊堆邊用針線固定，組合成矩形的飾片。該件藏品的收藏價值甚高，除了極高的工藝價值，年代久遠亦令藏品具極高的歷史收藏價值。 </text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州台江县革一镇革一乡 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Taijiang County Geyi Town Geyi Village</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------wrinkling-stitch"&gt;皱绣 Wrinkling stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------stack-stitch"&gt;叠绣 Stack stitch&lt;/a&gt;，各式花草龙纹 Various flower, grass and dragon pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）绣苗衣的红色刺绣与黑色底布形成鲜明对比，龙纹工艺十分精细，龙齿、龙舌、龙珠、龙鳞、龙翅和龙爪皆清晰可见，栩栩如生。此绣苗衣运用了皱绣和叠绣。皱绣先取7-8-9颗丝线编制为一种特殊绣线，这种绣线宽而扁平，形同女孩子的发辫。将辫线折叠并固定，便形成一种立体并厚实的特殊绣线，再用绣线盘出各种图案，让刺绣与底布之间形成凹凸感，制造恍如浅浮雕的视觉效果。皱绣因为色彩及复杂的工艺，刺绣花纹容易带给人们一团绿色的视觉效果，而这件衣服不仅构图复杂，图案还非常清晰立体，无疑是同时期的极品之作。该件藏品的收藏价值甚高，图案少见，构图饱满，具有极高的工艺价值与美术价值。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Taijiang embroidered Miao coat: black base cloth with striking contrasting red embroidery. Masterful and vivid stitching of the dragon patterns enable the dragon’s teeth, tongue, scales, wings, claws and ** to be clearly identifiable. Wrinkling stitch and stack stitch are used. To create the wrinkling stitch, 7 to 9 silk threads are first taken and woven into a special embroidery thread that is broad and flat. The thread is folded in half and fixed with a silk thread through the middle. This creates a thick thread which could be used to embroider different patterns on the fabric. The embroidery stitched with this thread stands out against the flat garment, producing a bas-relief effect. Due to the colour and complicated technique of wrinkling stitch, it can often produce a green, messy aesthetic. However, with its complicated composition and clear three dimension patterns, this piece is anything but messy. This coat is one of the best examples of Miao clothing culture of the period. A highly valuable piece with rare patterns and rich content, the craftmanship and artistry of this coat are immense. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）繡苗衣的紅色刺繡與黑色底布形成鮮明對比，龍紋工藝十分精細，龍齒、龍舌、龍珠、龍鱗、龍翅和龍爪皆清晰可見，栩栩如生。此繡苗衣運用了皺繡和疊繡。皺繡先取7-8-9顆絲線編制為一種特殊繡線，這種繡線寬而扁平，形同女孩子的髮辮。將辮線折疊並固定，便形成一種立體並厚實的特殊繡線，再用繡線盤出各種圖案，讓刺繡與底布之間形成凹凸感，製造恍如淺浮雕的視覺效果。皺繡因為色彩及復雜的工藝，刺繡花紋容易帶給人們一團綠色的視覺效果，而這件衣服不僅構圖複雜，圖案還非常清晰立體，無疑是同時期的極品之作。該件藏品的收藏價值甚高，圖案少見，構圖飽滿，具有極高的工藝價值與美術價值。</text>
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                <text>苗族 The Miao</text>
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                <text>上世纪50年代 Last century 50s</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州台江县 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Taijiang County</text>
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                <text>施洞绣苗衣 Shidong Embroidered Miao Coat</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------split-thread-stich"&gt;破线绣 Split-thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------stack-stitch"&gt;叠绣 Stack stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------counted-thread-stitc"&gt;数纱绣 Counted thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------double-thread-chain-"&gt;双针锁绣 Double-thread chain stitch&lt;/a&gt;，朝廷官吏人物图案 Court officials figure pattern，龙纹 Dragon pattern，鱼纹 Fish pattern，彩锦部分是抽象的蝴蝶纹 Abstract butterfly pattern on coloured batik，脊宇鸟纹 Divine bird pattern，万福图案 Wanfu pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）绣苗衣的领子、肩部和袖子都绣有大幅的红色刺绣，在黑色底布的衬托下为风飒飒。此绣苗衣运用了破线绣、叠绣、数纱绣和双针锁绣。刺绣部分为叙事性图案，以针线描绘了英雄人物形象——「雾帽席」手举令旗和大刀，骑在战马上英勇杀敌的场面。制作者用破线绣技法刺绣出了庞大的战争场面，彩锦及叠绣部分的图案亦极其工整、细腻。该件藏品的收藏价值甚高，是施洞地区刺绣大图案的代表作。大图饱满，内容丰富，把本民族的服饰文化体现的淋漓尽致，是为同时期顶级工艺。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Shidong embroidered Miao coat: black base cloth with large red embroideries on the collar and shoulder areas and sleeves, giving a rustic touch to this exquisite piece. Split-thread stitch, stack stitch, counted thread stitch, double thread chain stitch and coloured brocade are used. The patterns depict the story of a hero valiantly fighting against enemies on horseback with broadswords and flags. This coat is made using split thread stitch to embroider the epic war scene and is one of the masterpieces of large pattern embroidery in the Shidong region. The rich detail, extremely neat and delicate coloured brocade and stack stitch beautifully embody the coat culture of the region. A highly collectable piece, this coat showcases the very best craftsmanship of its time.  &#13;
&#13;
（繁）繡苗衣的領子、肩部和袖子都繡有大幅的紅色刺繡，在黑色底布的襯托下為風颯颯。此繡苗衣運用了破線繡、疊繡、數紗繡、雙針鎖繡和彩錦。刺繡部分為敘事性圖案，以針線描繪了英雄人物形象——「霧帽席」手舉令旗和大刀，騎在戰馬上英勇殺敵的場面。製作者用破線繡技法刺繡出了龐大的戰爭場面，彩錦及疊繡部分的圖案亦極其工整、細膩。該件藏品的收藏價值甚高，是施洞地區刺繡大圖案的代表作。大圖飽滿，內容豐富，把本民族的服飾文化體現的淋漓盡致，是為同時期頂級工藝。</text>
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                <text>民国 Republic of China</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州台江县施洞镇 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Taijiang County Shidong Town</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------wrinkling-stitch"&gt;皱绣 Wrinkling stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------applique"&gt;剪贴绣 Applique&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------counted-thread-stitc"&gt;数纱绣 Counted thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------stem-stitch"&gt;轴绣 Stem stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------stack-stitch"&gt;叠绣 Stack stitch&lt;/a&gt;，花卉纹 Flower pattern，福禄 Phlox，吉祥 Auspicious，鱼纹 Fish pattern，水波纹 Water wave pattern，斜山字纹 Oblique strips pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）文字衣整体为黑色，在袖子和领子饰有红色刺绣，有吉祥幸福之寓意。此文字衣运用了皱绣、剪贴绣、辫绣镶边、数纱绣、轴绣和叠绣。皱绣先取7-8-9颗丝线编制为一种特殊绣线，这种绣线宽而扁平，形同女孩子的发辫。将辫线折叠并固定，便形成一种立体并厚实的特殊绣线，再用绣线盘出各种图案，让刺绣与底布之间形成凹凸感，制造恍如浅浮雕的视觉效果。叠绣，又称堆绣，是将上过浆的轻薄丝绫面料裁剪折叠成细三角形，堆叠于底布之上，边堆边用针线固定，组合成矩形的饰片。该藏品采用了多种刺绣技艺，做工细致精巧，不可多得。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Leishan Chinese characters clothing: mainly black with red embroideries stitched on the sleeves and collar, symbolising auspiciousness and happiness. Wrinkling stitch, appliqué, couched braid stitch rim, counted thread stitch, stem stitch and stack stitch are used. For the wrinkling stitch, 7 to 9 silk threads are first taken and woven into a special embroidery thread that is broad and flat, similar to a girl’s thickly braided hairstyle. The thread is folded in half and fixed with a silk thread through the middle. This creates a thick thread which could be used to embroider different patterns on the fabric. The embroidery stitched with this thread stands out against the flat garment, producing a bas-relief effect. Stack stitch, also known as pile stitch, is made by cutting and folding a piece of glued thin silk fabric into small triangular shapes. These small pieces are then stacked on top of the base cloth, with the sides fixed with needle and thread, to create a rectangular ornament. This item uses a variety of embroidery techniques and its intricate and exquisite workmanship make it a rarity. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）文字衣整體為黑色，在袖子和領子飾有紅色刺繡，有吉祥幸福之寓意。此文字衣運用了皺繡、剪貼繡、辮繡鑲邊、數紗繡、軸繡和疊繡。皺繡先取7-8-9顆絲線編制為一種特殊繡線，這種繡線寬而扁平，形同女孩子的髮辮。將辮線折疊並固定，便形成一種立體並厚實的特殊繡線，再用繡線盤出各種圖案，讓刺繡與底布之間形成凹凸感，製造恍如淺浮雕的視覺效果。疊繡，又稱堆繡，是將上過漿的輕薄絲綾面料裁剪折疊成細三角形，堆疊於底布之上，邊堆邊用針線固定，組合成矩形的飾片。該藏品採用了多種刺繡技藝，做工細緻精巧，不可多得。</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>雷山文字衣 Leishan Chinese Characters Clothing (#24)</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州雷山县 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Leishan County </text>
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                <text>雷山绣苗衣 Leishan Embroidered Miao Coat</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------couched-braid-stitch"&gt;辫绣 Couched braid stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------stack-stitch"&gt;叠绣 Stack stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------counted-thread-stitc"&gt;数纱绣 Counted thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，双身龙纹 Double dragon pattern，蝴蝶纹 Butterfly pattern，斜山字纹 Oblique strips pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）绣苗衣的刺绣集中在领口、肩部和衣袖，红色底布上的丰富绣纹华丽悦目。此绣苗衣运用了辫绣、叠绣和数纱绣。叠绣，又称堆绣，是将上过浆的轻薄丝绫面料裁剪折叠成细三角形，堆叠于底布之上，边堆边用针线固定，组合成矩形的饰片。斜山字纹也是古代回纹的一种表相，常作为雷山地区苗族绣花衣衣襟部分的主要图案出现，图案回环反复，连绵不断，代表着富贵长久之意。该件藏品的收藏价值甚高，构图饱满、图案罕见，做工精细。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Leishan embroidered Miao coat: embroideries concentrated on the neckline, shoulder and sleeve areas. The rich embroidery patterns on the red base fabric are gorgeous and pleasing to behold. Couched braid stitch, stack stitch and counted thread stitch are used. Stack stitch, also known as pile stitch, is created by cutting and folding glued light silk fabric into small triangles. These triangles are then stacked on the base fabric and fixed with needle and thread to form a rectangular patch. The oblique striped pattern is also a form of an ancient circular letter pattern, often appearing as the main embroidery pattern of the Miao people in Leishan. The pattern loops repeatedly and continuously, symbolising long lasting wealth. This coat, with its rare patterns, rich composition and fine workmanship, is a highly valued part of the cultural heritage collection.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）繡苗衣的刺繡集中在領口、肩部和衣袖，紅色底布上的豐富繡紋華麗悅目。此繡苗衣運用了辮繡、疊繡和數紗繡。疊繡，又稱堆繡，是將上過漿的輕薄絲綾面料裁剪折疊成細三角形，堆疊於底布之上，邊堆邊用針線固定，組合成矩形的飾片。斜山字紋也是古代迴紋的一種表相，常作為雷山地區苗族繡花衣衣襟部分的主要圖案出現，圖案回環反复，連綿不斷，代表著富貴長久之意。該件藏品的收藏價值甚高，構圖飽滿、圖案罕見，做工精細。</text>
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