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                  <text>3. 刺绣 Embroidery</text>
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                <text>苗族绣围腰 The Miao Embroidered Bellyband</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------flat-silk-stitch"&gt;板丝绣 Flat silk stitch&lt;/a&gt;，八角星 Octagram</text>
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                <text>（简）绣围腰红绿相间，绣纹工整而有序，而对比色的运用也令藏品色彩缤纷，更为活泼夺目。绣围腰上方有两条背带，下摆则饰有彩色的短流苏。此绣围腰运用了板丝绣。刺绣上有使用八角星的纹样，八角星图案是大渡口文化时期人们对宇宙世界极简概括的形象表现。这些古老的几何图案如今还常出现于苗族、侗族的织锦服饰中，让我们窥见其民族的悠久历史的深远。他们延续的生产生活方式，对继承和延续中国传统文化符号起着不容忽视的作用。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Embroidered bellyband: alternating red and green with two straps at the top and a hem decorated with colourful short tassels. Flat silk stitch is used. The embroidery patterns are regularly arranged and neat. Complementary colours render this bellyband colourful, vibrant and visually striking. Flat silk stitch is used. Octagram pattern demonstrates the long history of these ethnic minorities and is the imagery of people's minimalist overview of the universe during the Dadukou culture period. People's unchanged production mode and lifestyle play an indispensable role in the continuation of traditional Chinese cultural symbols.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）繡圍腰紅綠相間，繡紋工整而有序，而對比色的運用也令藏品色彩繽紛，更為活潑奪目。繡圍腰上方有兩條背帶，下擺則飾有彩色的短流蘇。此繡圍腰運用了板絲繡。刺繡上有使用八角星的紋樣，八角星圖案是大渡口文化時期人們對宇宙世界極簡概括的形象表現。這些古老的幾何圖案如今還常出現於苗族、侗族的織錦服飾中，讓我們窺見其民族的悠久歷史的深遠。他們延續的生產生活方式，對繼承和延續中國傳統文化符號起著不容忽視的作用。 </text>
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                <text>苗族 The Miao</text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>#477</text>
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                <text>凯里市舟溪镇 Kaili City Zhouxi Town</text>
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                  <text>3. 刺绣 Embroidery</text>
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                <text>苗族绣花衣 The Miao Embroidered Coat</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------couched-braid-stitch"&gt;辫绣 Couched braid stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------crossing-stitch"&gt;挑花 Crossing stitch&lt;/a&gt;，人物 Human figure，建筑 Architecture，蝴蝶妈妈 Butterfly mother，花草 Flower and grass</text>
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                <text>（简）花衣整体为黑色，刺绣则用红色底布和各种绿色丝线，如深绿、浅绿、嫩绿等，俗称红底绿花，以强烈的对比色来衬托服饰色彩的艳丽。此花衣运用了辫绣和挑花。主要的刺绣图案为双龙纹，龙头幻化成鸟头或锦鸡的头。双龙所簇拥着的是一栋房屋，房屋图案虽简单，屋檐却十分形象传神。房屋里还有一个人物造型，人物下方是一只幻化成花的蝴蝶妈妈，形态生动可爱，寓意着庇护着苗族的先祖们。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Miao embroidered coat: predominantly black with embroidered silk threads in various shades of green (eg: dark green, light green, leaf green) on top of a red base cloth. This combination is commonly known as ‘red base with green flowers’, and makes use of strong complementary colours to add visual interest. The main pattern is the double dragon pattern. The dragon head is transformed into the head of a bird or a golden pheasant. The double dragon is surrounding a house. Although the house pattern is simple, the eaves are vivid and lively. There is a human figure inside the house. Below the figure is Mais Bangz Mais Lief (Mother Butterfly) turning into a flower. Mother Butterfly is vivid and endearing, and she symbolises the ancestors who shelter the descendants of the Miao people. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）花衣整體為黑色，刺繡則用紅色底布和各種綠色絲線，如深綠、淺綠、嫩綠等，俗稱紅底綠花，以強烈的對比色來襯托服飾色彩的艷麗。此花衣運用了辮繡和挑花。主要的刺繡圖案為雙龍紋，龍頭幻化成鳥頭或錦雞的頭。雙龍所簇擁著的是一棟房屋，房屋圖案雖簡單，屋簷卻十分形像傳神。房屋裡還有一個人物造型，人物下方是一隻幻化成花的蝴蝶媽媽，形態生動可愛，寓意著庇護著苗族的先祖們。</text>
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                <text>苗族 The Miao</text>
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                <text>上世纪50年代 Last century 50s</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州雷山县 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Leishan County </text>
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                <text>苗族绣衣 The Miao Embroidered Clothes</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------split-thread-stich"&gt;破线绣 Split-thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------double-thread-chain-"&gt;双针锁绣 Double-thread chain stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------weaving-stitch"&gt;织带 Weaving stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------stack-stitch"&gt;堆叠绣 Stack stitch and folded cloth piecework&lt;/a&gt;，蝴蝶妈妈 Butterfly mother，脊宇鸟妈妈 Divine bird mother，山猫 Lynx，老鼠 Rat，水纹 Water pattern，螃蟹 Crab，鱼 Fish，马 Hourse，鸭子及其他小动物图案 Duck and other small animals</text>
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                <text>（简）绣衣的刺绣集中在肩部和衣袖，红色绣纹配以黑色底布，十分鲜明夺目，吉祥活泼。此绣衣运用了破线绣、双针锁绣、织带和堆叠绣。刺绣的图案多为动物，有蝴蝶、脊宇鸟、山猫等等，动物形态生动，图案丰富多变。制作者将动物绣上衣服，除了可见其高超的观察力和刺绣技艺，亦反映了苗族对大自然的热爱，以及对生命的崇敬。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Miao embroidered clothes: split-thread stitch, double-thread chain stitch, weaving stitch, stack stitch and folded cloth piecework are used. Black fabric with red embroidery concentrated at the shoulder and sleeve. The colour red is visually stunning and conveys a sense of liveliness and good luck. Embroidery patterns are mostly of realistically depicted animals, including butterflies, divine birds and lynx. Embroidering animals showcases superb observation and embroidery skills and reflects the Miao’s love of nature and reverence for life.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）繡衣的刺繡集中在肩部和衣袖，紅色繡紋配以黑色底布，十分鮮明奪目，吉祥活潑。此繡衣運用了破線繡、雙針鎖繡、織帶和堆疊繡。刺繡的圖案多為動物，有蝴蝶、脊宇鳥、山貓等等，動物形態生動，圖案豐富多變。製作者將動物繡上衣服，除了可見其高超的觀察力和刺繡技藝，亦反映了苗族對大自然的熱愛，以及對生命的崇敬。 </text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>台江县施洞镇 Taijiang County Shidong Town</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------brocade"&gt;素锦 Plain brocade&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>（简）被面主要为蓝色调，采用了不同深浅的蓝色丝线制作，佐以米色和卡其色的点缀，整体甚富层次感，朴素大方，低调而不失美感。此被面运用了素锦的制作技艺。苗族织锦是苗族人民生活中不可或缺的物品，是广泛用于制作衣服的物料，除了构图对称精美，图案丰富多变，也反映着苗族的历史和社会形态。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Miao jacket with trim: mainly in blue tones and made with silk threads of shades of blue. Embellished with beige and khaki colours for a layered, simplistic and elegant effect. Plain brocade is used. Brocade is a vital part of the Miao people’s lives and is commonly used on garments. Brocade features intricate and symmetrical composition and the patterns can vary greatly from piece to piece. The variety and richness of the patterns reflect the long history and social structures of the Miao people.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）被面主要為藍色調，採用了不同深淺的藍色絲線製作，佐以米色和卡其色的點綴，整體甚富層次感，樸素大方，低調而不失美感。此被面運用了素錦的製作技藝。苗族織錦是苗族人民生活中不可或缺的物品，是廣泛用於製作衣服的物料，除了構圖對稱精美，圖案豐富多變，也反映著苗族的歷史和社會形態。</text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州黄平县谷陇镇 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Huangping County Gulong Town</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/items/show/56"&gt;织锦老背面 Brocade Old Jacket Trim (#461)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------counted-thread-stitc"&gt;数纱绣 Counted thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>（简）背带有大幅的红色刺绣，由大小一致的方块图案组成。此背带主要运用了数纱绣。背带是少数民族背嬰兒的布兜，在少数民族的服饰文化具有特殊意義，表达着母亲对孩子深深的爱。該件藏品的收藏价值甚高，大片拼接的刺绣十分罕见、工艺精细，且在岁月流逝中仍能保持颜色清晰，不可多得。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Baby Carrying Belt; decorated with large piece of embroidery composed of uniform squares. Baby carrying belt is a tool used by ethic minorities to swaddle their babies. They are usually produced with artisan techniques like batik, brocade and embroidery and are a crucial part of the Guizhou ethnic minority clothing culture. The production of each baby carrying belt is time-consuming and it represents the deep love and beautiful wishes a mother has for her children. This collection, with its large pieces of splice, clear colours and remarkably fine workmanship, is rare and has high colleciton value. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶有大幅的紅色刺繡，由大小一致的方塊圖案組成。此背帶主要運用了數紗繡。背帶是少數民族背嬰兒的布兜，在少數民族的服飾文化具有特殊意義，表達著母親對孩子深深的愛。該件藏品的收藏價值甚高，大片拼接的刺繡十分罕見、工藝精細，且在歲月流逝中仍能保持顏色清晰，不可多得。</text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州黄平县 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Huangping County </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------flat-stitch"&gt;平绣 Flat stitch&lt;/a&gt;，石榴 Pomegranate，蝴蝶 Butterfly，脊宇鸟 Divine bird，荷花 Lotus flower</text>
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                <text>（简）背带的刺绣取材自大自然的万物，在红色方格里绣上鸟儿，蝴蝶，花果，有动有静，唯妙唯肖，与黑色底布形成强烈对比。此背带主要运用了平绣。背带是少数民族背小孩的工具，美观实用，每件背带的制作都相当耗时耗工，表达着母亲对孩子深深的爱和美好祝愿。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Baby carrying belt: black base fabric with highly contrasted embroidered red squares taking inspiration from the natural world with birds, butterflies, flowers and fruit patterns. Flat stitch is used. Reflecting the Miao’s passionate love of and respect for the natural world, the belt is realistically decorated with various animals and plants, including flowers, fruits, butterflies and divine birds to create a sense of stillness as well as liveliness. Baby carrying belts are used by ethnic minorities to swaddle their babies and are a crucial part of ethnic minority clothing culture. They are usually produced with artisan techniques such as batik, brocade and embroidery. Each baby carrying belt is time consuming to make and is a beautiful display of the ways in which a mother expresses her deep love and hopes for her children. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶的刺繡取材自大自然的萬物，在紅色方格里繡上鳥兒，蝴蝶，花果，有動有靜，唯妙唯肖，與黑色底布形成強烈對比。此背帶主要運用了平繡。背帶是少數民族背小孩的工具，美觀實用，每件背帶的製作都相當耗時耗工，表達著母親對孩子深深的愛和美好祝愿。</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔南布依族苗族自治州三都县 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Sandu County </text>
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                <text>（简）背带主体为黑色，加上红色的刺绣部分，颜色对比鲜明。此背带运用了剪贴绣、细数纱绣、细挑花和平绣。多元化的制作技艺凸显制作者功力深厚，将不同技法融会贯通，制作出精巧的藏品。少数民族妇女背小孩时会使用背带，背带制作精美，是母爱最直接的表现。該件藏品的收藏价值甚高，图案装饰性很强，简单明快。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Baby carrying belt: mainly black with highly contrasting red embroidery.  Appliqué, fine counted thread stitch, fine crossing stitch and flat stitch are used. The exemplary use of diversified techniques in the belt highlights the profound skills of its creator. Baby carrying belts are used by ethnic minorities to swaddle their babies and represent the deep love and hopes that a mother has for her children. This belt, with its large pieces of splice, clear colours and remarkably fine workmanship, is rare and highly collectible. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶主體為黑色，佐以紅色的刺繡部分，中心的蝴蝶圖紋搶眼奪目。此背帶運用了剪貼繡、細數紗繡、細挑花和平繡。多元化的製作技藝凸顯製作者功力深厚，將不同技法融會貫通，製作出精巧的藏品。少數民族婦女背小孩時會使用背帶，背帶製作精美，是母愛最直接的表現。該件藏品的收藏價值甚高，圖案裝飾性很強，簡單明快。</text>
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&#13;
(ENG) Baby carrying belt: with red and khaki silk threads. The central large embroidered piece is vibrantly and sharply combined with even more colours such as yellow, green, brown and purplish red. Applique, couched braid stitch, coloured brocade, counted thread stitch and crossing stitch are used. According to Maple Song, butterfly patterns symbolize the Miao’s ancestors and their veneration of the dead.  Baby carrying belts are used by ethnic minorities to swaddle their babies and are a crucial part of the Guizhou ethnic minority clothing culture. They are usually produced with artisan techniques such as batik, brocade and embroidery.  Each baby carrying belt is time consuming and laborious to make and is a beautiful display of a mother’s deep love and future hopes for her child. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶的刺繡部分主要了採用紅色和卡其色絲線，中心的大幅刺繡則用了更多色彩，如黃、綠、棕、紫紅色等等，活潑明亮。此背帶運用了剪貼繡、辮繡、彩錦、數紗繡和挑花。根據《楓木歌》，蝴蝶紋代表苗族祖先，可見製作者，表達了對祖先的崇敬與緬懷。背帶是少數民族背小孩的工具，每件背帶的製作都相當耗時耗工，表達著母親對孩子深深的愛和美好祝愿。</text>
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                <text>（简）背带用色大胆，使用了宝蓝色、草绿色、浅紫色等颜色，更绣有反光饰片，十分精巧夺目。背带的刺绣图案抽象，用色也有异于常用的红黑两色，与一般背带迥然不同。此背带运用了剪贴绣。背带在贵州少数民族服饰文化中十分重要，是少数民族背小孩的工具。每件背带的制作都相当耗时耗工，表达着母亲对孩子深深的爱和美好祝愿。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Baby carrying belt: appliqué with stunning royal blue, lawn green and lilac, decorated with sequins. Abstract and unique embroidery patterns and bold colour choices differ from the commonly used black and red found in other baby carrying belts.  Baby carrying belts are used by Guizhou ethnic minorities to swaddle their babies and they are a crucial part of their clothing culture. Creating each baby carrying belt is time-consuming and laborious, and women make these exquisite carrying belts as a direct demonstration of motherly love.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶用色大膽，使用了寶藍色、草綠色、淺紫色等顏色，更繡有反光飾片，十分精巧奪目。背帶的刺繡圖案抽象，用色也有異於常用的紅黑兩色，與一般背帶迥然不同。此背帶運用了剪貼繡。背帶在貴州少數民族服飾文化中十分重要，是少數民族背小孩的工具。每件背帶的製作都相當耗時耗工，表達著母親對孩子深深的愛和美好祝願。 </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------knot-stitch"&gt;打籽绣 Knot stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------stack-stitch"&gt;叠绣 Stack stitch&lt;/a&gt;，脊宇鸟纹 Divine bird pattern，莲花纹 Water-lily pattern，漩涡纹 Spiral pattern，变形蝴蝶纹与花纹的组合 Combination of deformed butterfly and flower pattern</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="327">
                <text>（简）背带构图饱满鲜明，排列有序又具有对称性，色彩非常艳丽。此背带运用了打籽绣和叠绣。刺绣的主心图案为脊宇鸟纹与花纹，花纹枝繁叶茂，脊宇鸟纹灵动而华丽。类似石榴籽的打籽绣填满整个刺绣图案，打籽细小圆润，饱满紧实。该件藏品的收藏价值甚高，年代久远，保存完整，工艺精湛绝伦，是同时期的顶级工艺，也是现在手艺人所无法企及的绝高手艺。 &#13;
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(ENG) Miao baby carrying belt: neat and symmetrically arranged patterns in bright and vibrant colours give this item a rich and distinctive appearance. Knot stitch and stack stitch are used. The featured pattern is that of a divine bird, decorated with luxuriant flower embroideries. The divine bird pattern is vivid and glamorous. The knots, which resemble pomegranate seeds, are small, compact and delicate and fill the entire embroidered pattern. This baby carrying belt is well preserved and is extremely valuable. The outstanding craftsmanship of the belt reveals its creator as a true master artisan. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶構圖飽滿鮮明，排列有序又具有對稱性，色彩非常艷麗。此背帶運用了打籽繡和疊繡。刺繡的主心圖案為脊宇鳥紋與花紋，花紋枝繁葉茂，脊宇鳥紋靈動而華麗。類似石榴籽的打籽繡填滿整個刺繡圖案，打籽細小圓潤，飽滿緊實。該件藏品的收藏價值甚高，年代久遠，保存完整，工藝精湛絕倫，是同時期的頂級工藝，也是現在手藝人所無法企及的絕高手藝。 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="328">
                <text>苗族 The Miao</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="329">
                <text>民国 Republic of China</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="330">
                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="331">
                <text>苗族背带 The Miao Baby Carrying Belt (#99)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="332">
                <text>#98</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="333">
                <text>台江县革一镇 Taijiang County Geyi Town</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
