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                  <text>3. 刺绣 Embroidery</text>
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                <text>亻革家背带 The Gejia Baby Carrying Belt</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------double-thread-chain-"&gt;双针锁绣 Double-thread chain stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------counted-thread-stitc"&gt;数纱绣 Counted thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，在大几何纹内兼有勾云纹 Chinese cloud pattern in big geomatry pattern，雷纹 Fret pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）背带的图纹是排列整齐的八角形，每个八角形图案由勾云纹、雷纹组合而成。除了由八角形组成的主体，背带边缘亦绣有几何蝴蝶纹样。此背带运用了双针锁绣和数纱绣。由于勾云纹，雷纹常用于青铜器的制作纹样，所以当这样的纹样出现在刺绣中时，带给人们一种柔中见刚的视觉冲击，能感受到这个苗族分支刚毅的性情。此件藏品年代久远，工艺精巧，保存完整，颜色艳丽，是同时期的上乘之作。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Baby carrying belt: double-thread chain stitch and counted thread stitch. The belt is decorated with regularly arranged octagram patterns. Each octagon is composed of Chinese cloud and thunder patterns with geometric butterfly patterns stitched around the edges. As Chinese cloud and thunder patterns often appear on bronzeware, when such patterns are embroidered, it offers a visual aesthetic that delicately balances strength and softness and gives an insight into the fortitude of the Miao people. This belt is well preserved, rich in history, intricately created and vibrantly coloured. It is a remarkable piece of art. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶的圖紋是排列整齊的八角形，每個八角形圖案由勾雲紋、雷紋組合而成。除了由八角形組成的主體，背帶邊緣亦繡有幾何蝴蝶紋樣。此背帶運用了雙針鎖繡和數紗繡。由於勾雲紋，雷紋常用於青銅器的製作紋樣，所以當這樣的紋樣出現在刺繡中時，帶給人們一種柔中見剛的視覺衝擊，能感受到這個苗族分支剛毅的性情。此件藏品年代久遠，工藝精巧，保存完整，顏色艷麗，是同時期的上乘之作。 </text>
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                <text>苗族-亻革家 The Miao - Gejia</text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>黄平县重安镇 Huangping County Chongan Town </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------double-thread-chain-"&gt;双针锁绣 Double-thread chain stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------counted-thread-stitc"&gt;数纱绣 Counted thread stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------batik"&gt;蜡染 Batik&lt;/a&gt;，雷纹 Fret pattern，勾云纹 Chinese cloud pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）背带上饰有大小一致的方块图案，金色和红色的绣線為背带添吉祥之意。背带上附有黑色带子，皆有精致的刺绣。此背带运用了双针锁绣、数纱绣和蜡染。浅色的绣线把图案延伸，由规律编排变成梅花间竹的花纹，多元化的纹样令质感更丰富。背带是少数民族背小孩的工具，常用蜡染，织锦，刺绣工艺来制作。背带是贵州少数民族服饰文化中非常重要的一部分，表达着母亲对孩子深深的爱和美好祝愿。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Baby carrying belt: decorated with uniform squares. Golden yellow and red embroidery threads are an expression of auspiciousness. It is sewn with intricately embroidered black straps using double-thread chain stitch, counted thread stitch and batik. Pale coloured embroidery thread is used to extend the overall design from regularly arranged to alternating patterns with plum blossom and bamboo, creating a rich and diversified texture. Baby carrying belts are used by ethnic minorities to swaddle their babies. They are made to exceptionally high craftsmanship standards using batik, brocade and embroidery techniques. Baby carrying belts are a crucial part of the Guizhou ethnic minority clothing culture and are beautiful displays of the ways in which mothers express their deep love and hopes for their children.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶上飾有大小一致的方塊圖案，金色和紅色的繡線為背帶添吉祥之意。背帶上附有黑色帶子，皆有精緻的刺繡。此背帶運用了雙針鎖繡、數紗繡和蠟染。淺色的繡線把圖案延伸，由規律編排變成梅花間竹的花紋，多元化的紋樣令質感更豐富。背帶是少數民族背小孩的工具，常用蠟染，織錦，刺繡工藝來製作。背帶是貴州少數民族服飾文化中非常重要的一部分，表達著母親對孩子深深的愛和美好祝願。 </text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>黄平县重安镇 Huangping County Chongan Town </text>
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                  <text>1. 蜡染 Dyeing</text>
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                <text>亻革家蜡染背带 The Gejia Batik Baby Carrying Belt</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------batik"&gt;蜡染 Batik&lt;/a&gt;，漩涡纹 Spiral pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）背带上不同大小的矩形对称排列，构图工整，方形图案里面填满了漩涡纹，手工细致精巧。背带运用了蜡染的制作技艺。蜡染即蜡画和染色，工艺十分费工费时，精致图案凸显制作者十分用心，把代代相传的传统工艺发扬光大。漩涡纹是出现较早的中国传统纹样之一，被认为是中国传统纹样审美思想和造型意识的起源。背带是少数民族背小孩的工具，常用蜡染，织锦，刺绣工艺来制作，表达着母亲对孩子深深的爱和美好祝愿。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Baby carrying belt: batik with spiral filled square patterns. Batik is very labour intensive and time consuming to make. Batik is a traditional craft and refers to the process of beeswax drawing and dyeing. The exquisite patterns highlight the creator’s considerable skills and dedication to passing down these techniques from generation to generation. Regarded as one of the oldest design aesthetics, the spiral pattern is an ancient traditional Chinese pattern. Baby carrying belts are used by ethnic minorities to swaddle their babies. They are usually produced with artisan techniques such as batik, brocade and embroidery, and are beautiful displays of a mother’s deep love and future hopes for her child.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶上不同大小的矩形對稱排列，構圖工整，方形圖案裡面填滿了漩渦紋，手工細緻精巧。背帶運用了蠟染的製作技藝。蠟染即蠟畫和染色，工藝十分費工費時，精緻圖案凸顯製作者十分用心，把代代相傳的傳統工藝發揚光大。漩渦紋是出現較早的中國傳統紋樣之一，被認為是中國傳統紋樣審美思想和造型意識的起源。背帶是少數民族背小孩的工具，常用蠟染，織錦，刺繡工藝來製作，表達著母親對孩子深深的愛和美好祝愿。</text>
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                <text>民国 Republic of China</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州黄平县重安镇 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Huangping County Chongan Town</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------batik"&gt;蜡染 Batik&lt;/a&gt;，菊花图纹 Chrysanthemum pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）蜡染衣低调大方，连绵不断的蜡染纹样随性简朴，细看则察其做工精巧。蜡染图案蓝白分间，分布平均，一丝不苟。此背带运用了蜡染的制作技艺。蜡染即蜡画和染色，是延续千年的民间传统工艺。用蜡液在自织的白布上精心绘上图案，然后在蓝靛缸里浸染几次后捞出，放在锅里用开水煮去蜡质，再用水清洗浮色，即呈现出各种白色图案。蜡染的工艺十分费工费时，精致图案凸显制作者十分用心，把代代相传的传统工艺发扬光大。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Batik clothing: this cloth is decorated with a randomized, simple and continuous batik pattern that is graceful and subtle. Closer inspection reveals the intricate craftsmanship that has gone into making this clothing. Batik patterns are meticulously and evenly distributed with blue separating from white. Batik involves wax drawing and dyeing and is a traditional art that has been used by the Miao people for thousands of years. Creating a batik piece of clothing is time consuming, labour intensive and takes great skill. Firstly, wax is used to draw intricate patterns on self-weaved white cloth. The cloth is then immersed several times into a barrel of indigo blue dye and taken out, boiled to remove excess wax, and washed with water to reveal diverse white patterns. The art of batik has been passed down through many generations.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）蠟染衣低調大方，連綿不斷的蠟染紋樣隨性簡樸，細看則察其做工精巧。蠟染圖案藍白分間，分佈平均，一絲不苟。此背帶運用了蠟染的製作技藝。蠟染即蠟畫和染色，是延續千年的民間傳統工藝。用蠟液在自織的白布上精心繪上圖案，然後在藍靛缸里浸染幾次後撈出，放在鍋裡用開水煮去蠟質，再用水清洗浮色，即呈現出各種白色圖案。蠟染的工藝十分費工費時，精緻圖案凸顯製作者十分用心，把代代相傳的傳統工藝發揚光大。</text>
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                <text>苗族-亻革家 The Miao - Gejia</text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/items/show/28"&gt;亻革家蜡染衣 The Gejia Batik Cloth (#67)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>黄平县重安镇 Huangping County Chongan Town </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------double-thread-chain-"&gt;双针锁绣 Double-thread chain stitch&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------counted-thread-stitc"&gt;数纱绣 Counted thread embroidery&lt;/a&gt;，&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------batik"&gt;蜡染 Batik&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="p1"&gt;（简）该亻革家蜡染背扇最大特色就是菱形蜡染小方片与菱形刺绣小方片交叉，对称排列。蜡染与刺绣相结合制作绣花衣也是苗族此分支的一大特色，刺绣与蜡染皆小巧，图案细腻，工整。背带运用了双针锁绣、数纱绣和蜡染。多元化的制作技艺凸显制作者功力深厚，能将不同技法融会贯通，从而制作藏品。背带是少数民族背小孩的工具，常用蜡染，织锦，刺绣工艺来制作，是贵州少数民族服饰文化中非常重要的一部分，表达着母亲对孩子深深的爱和美好祝愿。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(ENG) Baby carrying belt: significant feature composed by the diamond-shaped batik squares and the embroidery squares crossed and arranged symmetrically. The combination of batik and embroidery in making embroidered clothes is also a major feature of this branch of the Miao. The embroidery and batik are both delicate, with neat and meticulous patterns.&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;Double-thread chain stitch, counted thread stitch and batik are used. The use of diverse techniques highlights the profound skills of the producer and the ability to integrate different techniques in producing the collection. Baby carrying belts are used by ethnic minorities to swaddle their babies. They are made to exceptionally high craftsmanship standards using batik, brocade and embroidery techniques. Baby carrying belts are a crucial part of the Guizhou ethnic minority clothing culture, and are beautiful displays of the ways in which mothers express their deep love and hopes for their children.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;（繁）該亻革家蠟染背扇最大特色就是菱形蠟染小方片與菱形刺繡小方片交叉，對稱排列。蠟染與刺繡相結合製作繡花衣也是苗族此分支的一大特色，刺繡與蠟染皆小巧，圖案細膩，工整。背帶運用了雙針鎖繡、數紗繡和蠟染。多元化的製作技藝凸顯製作者功力深厚，能將不同技法融會貫通，從而製作藏品。背帶是少數民族背小孩的工具，常用蠟染，織錦，刺繡工藝來製作，是貴州少數民族服飾文化中非常重要的一部分，表達著母親對孩子深深的愛和美好祝愿。&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                  <text>3. 刺绣 Embroidery</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------double-thread-chain-"&gt;双针锁绣 Double-thread chain stitch&lt;/a&gt;，数纱绣 Counted thread embroidery，蝴蝶纹 Butterfly pattern，几何纹 Geometric pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）背带主要采用了橘色和深蓝色，刺绣图案则为同等大小的小方块，每个小方块内皆饰有对称分布的抽象蝴蝶纹。外围则有线条简洁、流畅的蝴蝶纹，构图工整细致。此背带运用了双针锁绣和数纱绣。背带是少数民族背小孩的工具，常用蜡染，织锦，刺绣工艺来制作，是贵州少数民族服饰文化中非常重要的一部分。每件背带的制作都相当耗时耗工，表达着母亲对孩子深深的爱和美好祝愿。&#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Baby carrying belt: orange and dark blue and embroidery made with small squares of equal sizes. The central part is dissected into squares of equal size with symmetrically distributed abstract butterfly patterns. The periphery is composed of uniform neat, simple and fluid butterfly patterns. Double needle working stitch and counted thread stitch are used. Baby carrying belts are used by ethnic minorities to swaddle their babies. They are usually produced with artisan techniques such as batik, brocade and embroidery and are a crucial part of the Guizhou ethnic minority clothing culture. Each baby carrying belt is time consuming and laborious to make and the intricately finished belt is a beautiful expression of a mother’s deep love and future hopes for her child.  &#13;
&#13;
（繁）背帶主要採用了橘色和深藍色，刺繡圖案則為同等大小的小方塊，每個小方塊內皆飾有對稱分佈的抽象蝴蝶紋。外圍則有線條簡潔、流暢的蝴蝶紋，構圖工整細緻。此背帶運用了雙針鎖繡和數紗繡。背帶是少數民族背小孩的工具，常用蠟染，織錦，刺繡工藝來製作，是貴州少數民族服飾文化中非常重要的一部分。每件背帶的製作都相當耗時耗工，表達著母親對孩子深深的愛和美好祝愿。</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>黄平县重安镇 Huangping County Chongan Town </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------batik"&gt;蜡染 Batik&lt;/a&gt;，大幅蜡染花鸟画 Large baltik drawing of flowers and birds</text>
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                <text>（简）被面绘有大幅的花鸟画，线条流畅，细节精美，栩栩如生。花鸟画的构图对称，图案亦有喜庆吉祥之寓意。此被面运用了蜡染的制作技艺。蜡染即蜡画和染色，是延续千年的民间传统工艺。用蜡液在自织的白布上精心绘上图案，然后在蓝靛缸里浸染几次后捞出，放在锅里用开水煮去蜡质，再用水清洗浮色，即呈现出各种白色图案。蜡染的工艺十分费工费时，精致图案凸显制作者十分用心，把代代相传的传统工艺发扬光大。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Batik work: painted with large drawings of flowers and birds, the clean lines and exquisite details of this piece are realistic as well as artistic. Symmetrical composition of flowers and birds, with the pattern also having connotations of festivity and auspiciousness. Batik, a technique of beeswax drawing and dyeing, is usually to carefully sketch out patterns on a self-woven white cloth. The cloth is then dipped in a solution of blue indigo several times, then placed in boiling water to remove the wax-resistant dye. The batik process is very labour intensive and time consuming and is an art form that has been passed down from generation to generation. &#13;
&#13;
（繁）被面繪有大幅的花鳥畫，線條流暢，細節精美，栩栩如生。花鳥畫的構圖對稱，圖案亦有喜慶吉祥之寓意。此被面運用了蠟染的製作技藝。蠟染即蠟畫和染色，是延續千年的民間傳統工藝。用蠟液在自織的白布上精心繪上圖案，然後在藍靛缸里浸染幾次後撈出，放在鍋裡用開水煮去蠟質，再用水清洗浮色，即呈現出各種白色圖案。蠟染的工藝十分費工費時，精緻圖案凸顯製作者十分用心，把代代相傳的傳統工藝發揚光大。 </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------brocade"&gt;素锦 Plain brocade&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>（简）被面主要为蓝色调，采用了不同深浅的蓝色丝线制作，佐以米色和卡其色的点缀，整体甚富层次感，朴素大方，低调而不失美感。此被面运用了素锦的制作技艺。苗族织锦是苗族人民生活中不可或缺的物品，是广泛用于制作衣服的物料，除了构图对称精美，图案丰富多变，也反映着苗族的历史和社会形态。&#13;
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(ENG) Miao jacket with trim: mainly in blue tones and made with silk threads of shades of blue. Embellished with beige and khaki colours for a layered, simplistic and elegant effect. Plain brocade is used. Brocade is a vital part of the Miao people’s lives and is commonly used on garments. Brocade features intricate and symmetrical composition and the patterns can vary greatly from piece to piece. The variety and richness of the patterns reflect the long history and social structures of the Miao people.&#13;
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（繁）被面主要為藍色調，採用了不同深淺的藍色絲線製作，佐以米色和卡其色的點綴，整體甚富層次感，樸素大方，低調而不失美感。此被面運用了素錦的製作技藝。苗族織錦是苗族人民生活中不可或缺的物品，是廣泛用於製作衣服的物料，除了構圖對稱精美，圖案豐富多變，也反映著苗族的歷史和社會形態。</text>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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                <text>贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州黄平县谷陇镇 Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Huangping County Gulong Town</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/items/show/56"&gt;织锦老背面 Brocade Old Jacket Trim (#461)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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(ENG) Miao coat: mainly black with embroidery concentrated at the collar, shoulders and sleeves. Relatively dark-coloured threads including dark purple and blue-green on the red base fabric give an elegant and subdued feel to the coat. Couched braid stitch is used. The embroidery patterns are mainly flowers and grass, reflecting the Miao people’s love for the natural world and their respect for life. The embroidery is rich in composition, symmetrical and neat with a superb level of craftsmanship. &#13;
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                  <text>2. 织锦 Weaving</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>剑河围腰 Jianhe Bellyband</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://lanmama.lib.hku.hk/exhibits/show/embroidery-technique/----------brocade"&gt;素锦 Plain brocade&lt;/a&gt;，大的万福图纹 Big Wanfu pattern</text>
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                <text>（简）围腰主要采用了黑白两色，朴素简约，典雅大方。此围腰运用了素锦的制作技艺。织锦图案为紧密相连的大矩形，里面用大幅的万福图纹填满，构图饱满，对称工整，做工仔细。万福图纹在古代有吉祥好运的寓意，在古老的彩陶和钱币上均有发现过万福图纹，历史悠久，意涵深远。 &#13;
&#13;
(ENG) Jianhe bellyband: simple yet elegant black and white bellyband with rectangular patterns. Plain brocade is used. The adjoining rectangles are filled with Wanfu patterns. The Wanfu pattern traditionally symbolizes good luck and has been found on painted pottery and coins dating back to the ancient times.  The patterns and embroidery on this bellyband have deep meanings and a long history.&#13;
&#13;
（繁）圍腰主要採用了黑白兩色，樸素簡約，典雅大方。此圍腰運用了素錦的製作技藝。織錦圖案為緊密相連的大矩形，裡面用大幅的萬福圖紋填滿，構圖飽滿，對稱工整，做工仔細。萬福圖紋在古代有吉祥好運的寓意，在古老的彩陶和錢幣上均有發現過萬福圖紋，歷史悠久，意涵深遠。  &#13;
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                <text>苗族 The Miao</text>
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                <text>晚清 Late Qing Dynasty</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>贵州兰妈妈多彩衣妆苗绣博物馆馆藏 Lanmama Museum Collection</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>#347</text>
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                <text>凯里市剑河县南寨乡 Kaili City Jianhe County Nanzhai Village</text>
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